Kepastian Hukum terhadap Pencatatan Kematian Penduduk yang Tidak Memiliki Nomor Induk Kependudukan (NIK)

Abstract

Death registration is a population administration service aimed at providing legal certainty for individuals after death. However, a challenge arises when reporting the death of an individual who does not possess a Population Identification Number (NIK). Current legislation does not specifically outline the death registration procedure under these circumstances, while the Population Administration Information System (SIAK) operates strictly on an NIK basis. This study aims to analyze the authority of the Population and Civil Registration Office (Disdukcapil) in registering deaths without an NIK, the resulting legal consequences, and future legal concepts. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, case, historical, and comparative approaches. The results indicate that the absence of an NIK does not eliminate the state's obligation to register a death. Disdukcapil exercises administrative discretion and utilizes the Absolute Responsibility Statement (SPTJM) as a solution to overcome the legal vacuum. The legal consequences of this registration implicate the alteration of the legal subject's status, the opening of inheritance rights, and the protection of state data validity. Future concepts require the reconstruction of specific population administration regulations, the strengthening of an adaptive SIAK, cross-agency data integration, and the standardization of operational procedures nationally to guarantee legal certainty.