Rekonstruksi Konsep Nafkah Keluarga Muslim di Era Ekonomi Digital: Perspektif Fiqh Kontemporer Berbasis Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘Ah

Abstract

This study analyzes and reconstructs the concept of nafaqah (financial maintenance) for Muslim families in the digital economy era, adopting a contemporary fiqh perspective rooted in Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. The digital economy's rapid evolution has significantly altered income patterns, asset forms, and gender roles within families, necessitating a reinterpretation of traditional nafaqah provisions. Employing a normative legal research methodology with descriptive-analytical and comparative approaches, this article identifies new challenges in fulfilling nafaqah obligations, such as the flexibility of digital income sources and shifting financial responsibilities between spouses. The findings indicate that the scope of nafaqah needs to be broadened to include digital assets, substantial non-material support, and consideration of wives' productive contributions beyond direct income. This reconstruction is grounded in the principles of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, particularly hifz al-nasl (protection of progeny), hifz al-mal (protection of wealth), and the realization of justice (al-‘adalah) and public welfare (maslahah ‘ammah). The conclusion is that through the Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah approach, the concept of nafaqah can be reformulated to be more adaptive, equitable, and relevant to the digital economic reality, ensuring the sustainability and well-being of Muslim families amidst socio-economic transformations.