Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) pada Remaja dengan OCD: Studi Kasus di RSUD X Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Abstract

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions, in the form of intrusive and recurrent thoughts, and compulsions, in the form of repetitive behaviors performed to reduce the anxiety caused by these obsessions. OCD in children and adolescents can hinder psychosocial development and disrupt daily activities, including academic activities. This study aims to describe the assessment and psychological intervention process for a 14-year-old male adolescent diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder, characterized by repetitive item-checking behavior. This study used a case study method with a descriptive qualitative approach, based on the results of a psychological examination and intervention conducted at RSUD X, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Data were obtained through observation, interviews (autoanamnesis and alloanamnesis), and a series of psychological tests. The intervention was administered using a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) approach with self-talk, thought stopping, cognitive restructuring, self-defeating, and relaxation techniques delivered over four sessions. The results showed a decrease in the frequency of item-checking behavior from 9-10 times to 2-3 times each time the client left the house, along with a decrease in the Subjective Units of Discomfort Scale (SUDs) score from 8 to 4 on a 1-10 scale. These findings indicate that the CBT approach can serve as an effective alternative intervention for reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adolescents. This study is expected to serve as a reference for clinical psychologists in handling similar cases among children and adolescents.