Pengaruh Carbon Emission Disclosure, Green Credit, dan Firm Size terhadap Kinerja Keuangan: Studi Empiris pada Sektor Perbankan Konvensional yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2020-2025

Abstract

The adoption of sustainable finance in the banking sector is evolving through increased disclosure of carbon emissions, the implementation of green credit, and the strengthening of corporate capacity. However, these developments have not yet been  accompanied by improved financial performance. Therefore, the relationship between these three factors and financial performance requires further empirical research. This study aims to analyse the impact of carbon emission disclosure, green credit, and firm size on financial performance. The quantitative methodology employs  a causal-associative research design and utilises secondary data. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample, resulting in 15 companies and 90 observation in total. Data analysis was conducted using panel data regression with the random effects model (REM). The results indicate that carbon emission disclosure and firm size have a positive effect on financial performance, whereas green credit shows no significant effect. These findings suggest that improving financial performance requires greater transparency in carbon emission disclosure and firm than the implementation of green financing, whose economic benefits tend to materialise in the long term. This study is expected to enrich the empirical evidence regarding the determinants of banking financial performance serving as a reference for the development and implementation of sustainable finance in Indonesia.