Pengaruh Transparansi, Akuntabilitas, dan Independensi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Sektor Energi pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di LQ45: dalam Perspektif Bisnis Islam Periode 2021-2025

Abstract

This study examines the effects of transparency, accountability, and independence on the financial performance of energy-sector companies listed in the LQ45 Index during 2021–2025, viewed from an Islamic business perspective. The study uses a quantitative causal-associative approach and secondary data obtained from companies’ annual reports. Financial performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), while the data are analyzed statistically to assess the partial and simultaneous effects of the three corporate governance principles. The reported results indicate that transparency has a significant effect on financial performance (p = 0.044). Accountability (p = 0.150) and independence (p = 0.661) do not show statistically significant partial effects. Simultaneously, transparency, accountability, and independence significantly affect financial performance (F = 15.952; p < 0.001), with an adjusted R-squared of 0.569. From an Islamic business perspective, these principles reflect honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, fairness, and objective decision-making. The findings highlight the importance of integrated corporate governance in supporting financial performance and stakeholder confidence.