Pengaruh Kapabilitas Supplier, Aktivitas Logistik, dan Regulasi Terhadap Kinerja Rantai Pasok Halal Melalui Integritas Halal pada Distributor Bahan Baku Impor

Abstract

           The global halal industry is growing rapidly, increasing the complexity of the halal supply chain, particularly for importers and distributors of imported raw materials, who must comply with both the halal standards of the country of origin and Indonesia's BPJPH-MUI certification standards. This condition creates a dual pressure that has the potential to threaten product halal integrity, ranging from supplier capability, logistics activity, to regulation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effects of supplier capability, logistics activity, and regulation on halal integrity and their implications for halal supply chain performance, both directly and through halal integrity as a mediating variable, among importers/distributors of imported raw materials in Indonesia. This study employs a confirmatory quantitative approach using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with data collected from 149 respondents representing importer/distributor companies of imported raw materials in Indonesia. The results show that supplier capability (β = -0.407; p < 0.001), logistics activity (β = -0.298; p < 0.001), and regulation (β = -0.171; p = 0.015) have a negative and significant effect on halal integrity, and also have a direct negative and significant effect on halal supply chain performance (β = -0.158, -0.118, and -0.142 respectively; p < 0.05). Halal integrity has a positive and significant effect on halal supply chain performance (β = 0.520; p < 0.001) and is proven to significantly mediate all three pathways (β = -0.212, -0.155, and -0.089 respectively; p < 0.05). The structural model explains 32.2% of the variance in halal integrity (R² = 0.322) and 47.5% of the variance in halal supply chain performance (R² = 0.475). These findings confirm that halal integrity is a strategic asset and a key pathway linking supplier capability, logistics activity, and regulation to halal supply chain performance among distributors of imported raw materials.